大量的出土玉石证明，在古代对于和田玉eryan，qishishibuhuiliupide，gurenrenweipishizangse。erhetianyuzairenmendexinzhongqueshishengjiededaibiao，suoyiyikuaihetianyunadaoshoushangtongchangdouhuixianqupi，ranhouzaijinxingshejidiaoke。

　　pi，yejiushigurenshuode“pu”。 duiyuyoumenyouqichuxuezheeryan，piseshihetianziliaoshenfendezhengming，rujintongyangzhidideziliao，youpisehemeiyoupisedehetianyujiazhijiunengxiangchahenduo。weishenmegudaideziliaojiuhenshaojiandaiyoupisedeni?

　　yinweigudaideziliaozhuyaoshiconghezhong“laochu”，pisejiaoshao，jibianshiyouyanseyeshibijiaoqiande。jingguozhangshijiandewajuedalao，hezhongzhijiekeyilaodeziliaoyijingjuejile。xianrujindeziliaobushizaiconglaohechuangshatuzhongwachulaidejiushicongxueshanzhongcaichulaide，yinzhangshijiande“chenmo”yijishouhuanjingdeqinran，daduodouyoupise。erqiepisezhong、man、yan、mei。

qingzhongqi baiyudaipiqiaodiaoqingzhoufanhubiyanhu

　　duiyuhetianyueryan，zaigudaiqueshishibuliupide，yushidiaokedediyidaogongxujiushiqupi。ranhouzaijinxingdiaoke。conggudaizhijindai，hetianyuyizhishimeimeiyoupisede，yuziranzairenmenxinzhongshiyizhongjiebaidexiangzheng。

　　yiqianrenmenbuliupiseshiyinwei，hetianyushibufenshanliaoheziliaode，danzhihourenmenfaxianleziliaoxiangbishanliaolaishuoyuzhigengwenrun，yushiziliaomanmanchengweirenmenzhengxiangshouzangdechonger。

　　巧色巧雕的大量运用始于宋。

　　zisongdaiyilai，fanggu(zuowei)fengqirisheng，jiazhiliupi、qiaosegongyizaiyuzuodangzhongyuelaiyueduo，jinxiandaizuoweizhegengshichongfenliyonglezheiyidian，jirenmenzaiguyuqinserenbieshangzengjialexuduonanchu。danruorenzhenjiayishenshi，chulezonghejiagonggongyi、kehentezheng、xingzhiwenshiyinsuwai，zaiqiaoseyuqinsezhijian，yehaishikeyizhaodaoqizhongchabiede。

　　yi、bianliao、yuanshengseyutuqinse：

　　qianzheyoudanseyuduoseliangzhong，shizaiyushichengkuangshixingcheng，xingzhifeichangwending，wuqinmen;erhouzheshirutuhoudecishengbianhua，youqinmen，qiezaiqinseyuyuanyusejianduoyoumingxiandeguodukuosanyunxiang。

　　er、liupi、daitangyuqinse、tangqin：

　　liupiduozaiqiwudiaokebiaoxiandetuchudianshang，yuanyudaitangbufenyeyudiaokesuoyaobiaoxiandezhutiyouguan;erqinse、tangqinxirutuhouziranxingcheng，fenbubuyikegongyizhiweizhuanyi，bujinzaituchudianshangshouqin，qieruqinguoduxianxiang。

qingzhongqi baiyudaipiqingluanxianshoudaikougaizhigaihe

　　songdaisuoyongyucaiyihetianbaiyu、huangyu、qingbaiyuzhanzhuliu，haiyoudifangyu、shuijing、manaodeng。songdaiyuqishoudangshidehuihuayishuyingxiangshenshen，qingxinyazhi、xingshenjianbei，jijuwenrenqingqu，haowucuzhilanzao。

　　宋代玉器制作工艺有以下特征：

　　1.yuandiaorenwu、dongwudetediangaikuoxinghenqiang，daofachunshu，zaoxingshengdong，xuxurusheng。

　　2.shoukaishencenglitiloudiaozhizuozhixianhe，weiyuanmingqingsanchaoloudiaogongyitigongxianli。

　　3.yinxiankebitangcushu，danweiwanliuchang，yongyufushishangshiyixiuyoupiaodonggan，fengniaochiyu、yuleiqiweiyijihuayeduoyonggengentingbadezhiyinkexiankehua。

　　4.nengqiaojiuyucaizhiseze，ershiyishiyizhidiaoke，zheizhonggongyichengqiaodiao，yuchengqiaoseyu。qiaoseyuzuizaochuxianzaishangdai，handaiyeoueryoujian，songdaizheizhonggongyizebeiguangfanyunyong。